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Greater Toronto Area that supports the growing movements for freedom and democracy throughout the Arab world. It includes both Arab and non-Arab members, and organizations such as the Canadian Coptic Association, the Egyptian National Association for Change, the Canadian Arab Federation, CASMO, the Canadian Peace Alliance, and the Toronto Coalition to Stop the War.

Thousands of people have gathered in Cairo's Tahrir [Liberation] Square. Pro-reform activists say they fear the country's revolution is under threat. They are calling for the country's military government to punish the remaining members of former President Hosni Mubarak's regime. Al Jazeera's Zeina Khodr reports from Cairo, Egypt.

Canada-Israel - The other special relationship (a short documentary), Canadian Conservative Party leader and some of its members, are an accomplice to crimes on GAZA.

http://www.developphp.com/PHP_tuts There is nothing more precious than information on the internet. So why leave things to chance regarding your database data? You may have a database full of members, or you render out all of your pages using a Custom Content Management System, which usually stores page data in a MySQL database. In this quick video tutorial Adam shows you how to go into your PHPMyAdmin MySQL database interface and back up or save your sensative database information. There are a few ways that you could lose the data in your database, so creating backup insert files manually is an easy way for a webmaster to safeguard his or her data. First step in keeping your database secure is not allowing users to input harmful strings. Learn of strings that may harm your database and cancel them out in your form processing. But I am assuming your scripts are secure and that you would like to backup your database just in case anything may happen out of the ordinary. You can easily replace any lost data in a few minutes using this manual methid with PHPMyAdmin. Databases get created on your server either through your cpanel or if you are on GoDaddy or a host that has a custom control panel. Once made you have acces to PHPMyAdmin which is for interacting with your database from a not too technical online interface. So not only is it handy but it teaches you code to write scripts that can interact with your database at runtime. HOT TIP: I have learned a lot of PHP-MySQL syntax from using PHPMyAdmin

Neither in Egypt, nor in Tunisia were women assaulted during the uprisings that took place, even though many women participated and were active members in the revolutions and uprisings. As for Bahrain, the Arab Gulf country which should respect the religion, dignity, culture of its women, put many of these in prison. Hence, Ayatollah Sheikh Issa Ahmad Qassem called for a campaign in solidarity with Bahraini female prisoners for the following aims: 1- Draw international attention to the oppression the Bahraini people are subject to, particularly women. 2- Morally support the Bahraini oppressed people. 3- Defining the legitimate demands of the people most important of which is a constitutional kingdom and elected government. 4- Mobilizing international rights organizations towards the blatant violations of women's rights in Bahrain. 5- Mobilizing the international public opinion and international women's organizations concerned about prisoners of "expressing opinion". In the same context, the Bahraini Opposition overseas issued a statement in which it said "In response to the multiple methods the Bahraini authority resorts to in order to repress the people and the popular protests in demand of their rights, the people and the opposition insist to continue their peaceful protests despite all the aggression practiced against them." Particularly speaking about women, the Bahraini Opposition overseas added in its statement that alongside men, the women in Bahrain have stood up to the government demanding their rights, having in return to bear imprisonment, torture, and martyrdom at times. The statement further noted that despite all this aggression, the Bahraini free women are still steadfast and unyielding. The Bahraini Opposition overseas, therefore "called on the women of the Arab Nation as well as the World, to stand in defense of the Bahraini oppressed women, by that declaring the 15tho f April a day of solidarity with the women of Bahrain under the slogan "Free Women of Bahrain"." Also, the Opposition urged all women's rights organizations in its statement , whether Arab, Islamic, or international to declare a clear rejection of what the women in Bahrain is subject to, which falls into the category of the these organizations' legal, ethical, and humanitarian duties. "Save the women of Bahrain...Save the free women in prisons", concluded the statement. http://www.english.moqawama.org/essaydetails.php?eid=13903&cid=215

Part 5 - Create the activation script to activate members for login. Used as a security measure against spam bots. How to build a dynamic member based portal or community web site using PHP, MySQL, and Flash ActionScript 3.0

Source and Site Download - http://www.webintersect.com Part 9 - Creating the edit profile page for our members. Code the header to navigate, and the php page to render variables... more on this in part 10. How to build a dynamic member based portal or community web site using PHP, MySQL, and Flash ActionScript 3.0. Created by FlashBuilding and presented by Developphp.com

http://www.webintersect.com

ttp://www.webintersect.com

Learn to build a custom friend adding and management system for your website members using PHP, MySQL, and jQuery.

Learn to build a custom friend adding and management system for your website members using PHP, MySQL, jQuery, and Ajax for bridge jumpers

Learn to build a custom friend adding and management system for your website members using PHP, MySQL, jQuery, and Ajax for bridge jumpers.

Learn to build a custom friend adding and management system for your website members using PHP, MySQL, jQuery, and Ajax for bridge jumpers.

Over 100 girls inprisoned cases of rape and sexual assault threats and physical assaults humiliated and violently attacked their husbands and family members imprisoned houses raided at night it continues till today but everyone turns a blind eye please help them and demand the release of women prisoners

Learn how to build custom forums using PHP and MySQL. Forums that are lightweight and integrated right into your custom website. In this part 7 we create the page where the threads are viewed and can be replied to by other members. Brought to you by Adam @ http://www.webintersect.com and http://www.developphp.com This is part 7 of a 7 part series. The End

Swiss politician Lukas Reimann went on Alex's show and said the Swiss People's Party opposes the IMF, the World Bank, and the Bilderberg Group. Reimann plans to march to the gates of Bilderberg with Baettig and other Canton leaders. The Swiss People's Party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of the Council of

The US House of Representatives have approved a bill that calls for suspension of American aid to the Palestinian Authority if it insists on carrying out a plan to gain UN recognition for its statehood declaration in September. The resolution had 320 co-sponsors out of the chamber's 435 voting members. The bill came one week after the US Senate unanimously approved a similar measure. In this edition of Press TV News Analysis, we ask that if Palestine is recognized internationally as a state, with a flag flying at the UN, would it level the playing field, and try to get some answers as to why the US and Israel are so dead set against this.

A young Bahraini pro-democracy poetess just released from jail and placed under house arrest says she was mentally and physically tortured by male and female officers while in jail. “They beat me [for] nine days, morning and afternoon and at night… they beat me a lot, a lot, a lot. More than one person beat me at the same time, man and woman,” said Ayat al-Qurmezi in an exclusive phone interview with Press TV on Friday. Recounting her bitter experience while jailed by the Saudi-backed Bahraini regime, Qurmezi, hailed as 'freedom poet,' told Press TV that her interrogator and prison guards did not allow her to use a bathroom and used very offensive and derogatory language against herself and her parents. She confirmed that her jailers also threatened to kill her and to hurt her family, adding that she was forced to make confessions, as the only way for “the king to forgive me” and to be saved from the beatings, verbal abuse and other forms of torture. Qurmezi, however, stated that despite repeated threats by Bahraini authorities that she would be returned to jail if she speaks to any media outlets, she was not afraid and would continue to speak the words of the Bahraini people. Al-Qurmezi was arrested on March 30 for reciting anti-government poetry in the capital of Manama's Pearl Square. She was then charged with incitement and insulting members of the royal family and handed a one-year jail term. On Thursday, the 20-year-old said she had faced house arrest in exchange for freedom, but vowed to continue her freedom-seeking campaign. “And I won't be afraid because of a paper I signed,” Qurmezi said, referring to a pledge she had signed not to violate the terms of her arrest, join protests and speak to the media. Further, her family says she was forced by her jailors to clean filthy lavatories with her bare hands. In a popular uprising, tens of thousands of Bahraini protesters have been holding peaceful anti-regime rallies throughout the country since February, demanding an end to the rule of the Al Khalifa family. The royals have governed the oil-rich Persian Gulf island for over 40 years with major backing from the United States, Britain and the neighboring Saudi Arabia. Scores of people have been killed and many more arrested and tortured in prisons as part of the clampdown in the country -- a longtime US ally and home to the US Navy's Fifth Fleet.

The al-Ghirayib family lives in one of the stranger manifestations of Israel's 43-year occupation of the West Bank: a Palestinian house inside a metal cage inside an Israeli settlement. The family's 10 members, four of them children, can only reach the house via a 40-yard (meter) passageway connecting them to the Arab village of Beit Ijza farther down a hill. The passageway passes over a road used by Israeli army jeeps and is lined on both sides with a 24-foot-high (8-meter) heavy-duty metal fence. The same fence rings the simple one-story house, separating it from the surrounding settlement houses.

Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei has hailed the wave of Islamic Awakening in the Middle East and North Africa. Ayatollah Khamenei said on Sunday that the Islamic Awakening in the region has been unprecedented since the Islamic Revolution, the official website of the Leader reported. The Leader of the Islamic Revolution made the remarks addressing the heads of the three branches of government, chairman of Iran\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Assembly of Experts, a number of Iranian parliament members and military commanders, and many other senior officials of the Islamic Republic. Ayatollah Khamenei also spoke about the deteriorating image of the United States in the Middle East, noting that Washington is also facing serious challenges at home, including a deepening economic crisis. AS/MGH

This year's al-Quds march came amid the deadly bombardment of Gaza by Israel, prompting thousands to march through central London to express their solidarity with the Palestinians. Muslims and non- Muslims, Sunnis and Shias, snd indeed many more, United in condemning Israel for occupying Palestinian land and for killing Palestinian people. Thousands of demonstrators have marched through central London to call for justice for the Palestinian people. This year in particular those Arab regimes who collaborate with the Zionists have been roundly condemned. Eventually the marchers congregated in Trafalgar Square in the heart of London, where speakers told the crowd that the Arab spring had given new hope to those seeking a free Palestine. They said pro-Israeli dictators in Arab countries, such as Husni Mubarak of Egypt, had been toppled and would be replaced by anti-Israeli leaders in tune with the wishes of their people. As in previous years the al-Quds marchers were harassed by small groups of right-wing activists. Members of the English Defence League, who're accused of being racist and Islamophobic, Zionists and extreme secular Iranians. They all accused the marchers of supporting so-called Islamist terrorism, but their numbers were tiny and the police penned them in. Meanwhile, speakers at this year's al-Quds march urged everyone to keep up the pressure on Israel politically and economically. They praised the Islamic resistance in Palestine and said Israelis wouldn't rest in peace until there was justice for the Palestinians. And they pledged to continue to rally every year until Palestine is free.

Vali Amr Muslimeen Ayatullah Sayyed Ali Khamenei delivered this speech on 29 August 2011. دیدار رئیس‌جمهوری و اعضای هیئت دولت با رهبر انقلاب http://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=17101 رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی، عصر روز 6 شهریورماه 1390، در دیدار با رئیس‌جمهور و اعضای هیأت دولت با قدردانی صمیمانه از حضور پرشور ملت در راهپیمایی روز جهانی قدس، پایبندی دولت به اصول و ارزش‌ها و شعارهای جذابی همچون عدالت‌خواهی، استكبارستیزی و خدمت‌رسانی صادقانه را ضروری و اثرگذار خواندند و تأكید كردند: جهاد اقتصادی نیازی حیاتی و زمینه‌ساز پیشرفت و شكوفایی اقتصادی كشور است. حضرت آیت‌الله خامنه‌ای با تبریك هفته دولت و گرامی‌داشت یاد و خاطره شهیدان رجایی و باهنر، به حضور پرشكوه مردم در راهپیمایی روز قدس اشاره كردند و افزودند: از مردم عزیز ایران كه در راهپیمایی روز قدس، بار دیگر عظمت خود را نشان دادند، صمیمانه قدردانی می كنم. ایشان، روز قدس امسال را نمادی از حضور و انگیزه ملت ایران دانستند و خاطرنشان كردند: این حضور و شكوه و عظمت، امید را در فضای منطقه گسترش می‌دهد و انگیزه ملت‌ها را برای استقامت دو چندان خواهد كرد. حضرت آیت‌الله خامنه‌ای با قدردانی از خدمات دولت، بر پایبندی به شعارها و جهت‌گیری‌های اعلام شده تأكید كردند و افزودند: علت اقبال مردم در انتخابات سال 84 و 88 به رئیس‌جمهور همین شعارهای جذاب و ضروری بود چرا كه مردم به ارزش‌ها و آرمان‌ها پایبند و دلبسته‌اند. ایشان، عدالت‌خواهی، استكبارستیزی، ساده‌زیستی، مقابله با منش اشرافیگری، مقابله با ویژه‌خواری و سوءاستفاده از ارتباطات اقتصادی و غیراقتصادی و خدمت‌رسانی صادقانه را از جمله شعارهای جذاب دولت خواندند و افزودند: اصول و ارزش‌هایی كه امام خمینی می‌فرمود و باعث محبوبیت ایشان در قلب ملت‌ها شد از اساسی‌ترین شعارهای دولت است كه باید كاملاًٌ به آن پایبند بود. رهبر انقلاب اسلامی، كار برای خدا را رمز برخورداری از توفیق الهی و ایجاد جذابیت در دل‌های مردم برشمردند و تأكید كردند: اگر به هر علت تقید به شعارهای دولت سست شود توفیقات الهی نیز كم خواهد شد بنابراین با همان شور و نشاط و تلاش به خدمت صادقانه و بدون توقع ادامه دهید. ایشان گزارش‌هایی را كه وزراء و معاونان رئیس‌جمهور در این دیدار بیان كردند، گزارش‌هایی خوب، مستند، منطقی و متكی به آمار بویژه آمار مقایسه‌ای خواندند و افزودند: این گزارش‌ها را باید به مجموعه نخبگان و زبدگان كشور نیز ارائه داد و اقدامات انجام گرفته را برای آنان تشریح كرد. رهبر انقلاب اسلامی یكی از اشكالات دولت را حضور كمرنگ در میان نخبگان دانشگاهی و حوزوی دانستند و تأكید كردند: باید رئیس‌جمهور و وزراء اقدامات دولت در بخش‌های مختلف بویژه در خصوص مسائل اقتصادی را كه از مسائل اصلی كشور مورد چالش موافقان و مخالفان دولت است، در جمع نخبگان مطرح كنند تا با استفاده از دیدگاه‌ها و همچنین نظرات انتقادی آنان، هم‌افزایی بوجود آید. Supreme Leader: Sanctions Doomed to Failure http://english.khamenei.ir//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1510&Itemid=2 In a meeting with President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and his cabinet members, Ayatollah Khamenei the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution said that the sanctions imposed on Iran are doomed to failure, further stressing: \"Considering global realities, it is not possible to continue these sanctions for a long time, and it is necessary to counteract these sanctions through economic jihad, reliance on God and purposeful and clever moves.\"

The video showed an Israeli police using excessive force against a defenseless woman in front of a child while kicking a young boy who is detained minutes later, Press TV reported on Saturday. Meanwhile, a report released on Thursday by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) said that Israel has since 1967 detained about 750,000 Palestinians including some 12,000 women and tens of thousands of children. PCBS said that Israel currently holds some 6,000 Palestinians in prisons, including 35 women and 285 children. In addition, one or more members of almost every Palestinian family have been detained by the Israeli police. PCBS further said that more than 200 detainees have since 1967 been killed as a result of medical negligence, torture or murder by Israeli soldiers and prison guards. On Friday, about 12,000 Gazans staged a mass rally, which was called for by the democratically elected Hamas government, to express their solidarity with the Palestinians prisoners who are on a hunger strike for the second consecutive week in response to harsh measures used against them. �We will not rest until every Palestinian prisoner has returns to his family, we will continue our activities and resistance until we secure the release of all of our brothers and sisters who are being held captive by the Zionists,� one of the demonstrator told Press TV.

Very relevant since UK is going to shut down PressTV on SKY! The Broadcasting Board of Governors is a bipartisan board comprised of nine members. Eight are appointed by the U.S. President and confirmed by the Senate; the ninth is the Secretary of State who serves ex officio Hilary Clinton We can't allow ourselves to be out-communicated by our enemies said Walter Isaacson, chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors. "You've got Russia Today, Iran's Press TV Venezuela's TeleSUR, and of course, China is launching an international broadcasting 24-hour news channel with correspondents around the world [and has] reportedly set aside $6 10 billion dollars -- we have to go to Capitol Hill with that number to expand their overseas media operations

After a brief period of relative calm in the port city of Karachi, the incidents of sectarian targeted killings once again claimed the lives of two members of the shia community including an ex-secretary of Shia ulema council, Kauser Zaidi. Furious participants of the funeral procession, behind me, are demanding what they call their primary right of security from the state which they say has failed so far to deliver this right. The men who unsuccessfully tried to kill Zaidi in August finally accomplished their mission on Friday at Pakistan Chowk, a place near to the financial street of Pakistan, the II Chindrigar road. The 50-year-old former secretary of the Shia Ulema Council was shot at close range as he was on his way home with his wife. She emerged unscathed. Just three hours later, another Shia man was gunned down in the city. The city witnessed a relative peace after the apex court of the country started hearing of Karachi violence in Ramadan. Observers believe that this may start a new wave of violence in Karachi as Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar is approaching. The Shia community in Balochistan also came under intense attack recently when about 29 people were killed in two separate, targeted incidents including an attack in Mastung on pilgrims heading to Iran. According to the Human Rights commission of Pakistan, over 1400 people were killed during the first eight months of the 2011 because of ethnic, sectarian and political violence. Experts say although the raids have been started by the law enforcement agencies against those responsible, following the Supreme court\\\'s verdict over Karachi violence, but due to the politicization of these institutions, results of these crackdowns will be limited.

UNESCO Voted despite of US pressure , UNESCO funds in jeoperday as USA cut all funds and ask USA to give all stolen tresure back to libeya , iran and palestine. 185 total members 173 voted 52 abstein from voting 81 majority required 107 votes in favor 14 voted against

Message of Thaqalayn \"Al-Ghadir\" and its Relevance to Islamic Unity ________________________________________ Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari Translated by Mojgan Jalali Vol. 3, No. 1 and 2 (1417 AH/1996 CE) The distinguished book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" has raised a huge wave in the world of Islam. Islamic thinkers shed light on the book in different perspectives; in literature, history, theology, tradition, tafsir, and sociology. From the social perspective we can deal with the Islamic unity. In this review the Islamic unity has been dealt with from a social point of view. Contemporary Muslim thinkers and reformists are of the view that unity and solidarity of Muslims are the most imperative Islamic exigencies at the present juncture when the enemies have made extensive inroads upon the Islamic community and have tried to resort to different ways and means to spread the old differences and create new ones. We are aware that Islamic unity and fraternity is the focus of attention of the Holy Legislator of Islam and is actually the major objective pursued by this Divine religion as firmed by the Qur\'an, the \"Sunnah\", and the history of Islam. For this reason, some people have been faced with this question: Wouldn\'t the compilation and publication of a book such as \"al-Ghadir\" which deals with the oldest issue of differences among the Muslims- create a barrier in the way of the sublime and lofty objective of the Islamic unity? To answer this question, it is necessary first to elucidate the essence of this issue, that is, the Islamic unity, and then proceed to examine the role of the magnum opus entitled \"al-Ghadir\"and its eminent compiler \'Allamah Amini in bringing about Islamic unity. Islamic Unity What is meant by the Islamic unity? Does it mean that one Islamic school of thought should be unanimously followed and others be set aside? Or does it mean that the commonalties of all Islamic schools of thought should be taken up and their differences be put away to make up a new denomination which is not completely the same as the previous ones? Or does it mean that Islamic unity is in no way related to the unity of the different schools of Fiqh (jurisprudence) but signifies the unity of the Muslims and the unity of the followers of different schools of Fiqh, with their different religious ideas and views, vis-a-vis the aliens? To give an illogical and impractical meaning to the issue of the Islamic unity, the opponents of the issue have called it to be the formation of a single Madhhab, so as to defeat it in the very first step. Without doubt, by the term Islamic unity, the intellectual Islamic \'Ulama\' (scholars) do not mean that all denominations should give in to one denomination or that the commonalties should be taken up and the different views and ideas be set aside, as these are neither rational and logical nor favorable and practical. By the Islamic unity these scholars mean that all Muslims should unite in one line against their common enemies. These scholars slate that Muslims have many things in common, which can serve as the foundations of a firm unity. All Muslims worship the One Almighty and believe in the Prophethood of the Holy Prophet (s). The Qur\'an is the Book of all Muslims and Ka\'abah is their \"qiblah\" (direction of prayer). They go to\"hajj\" pilgrimage with each other and perform the \"hajj\" rites and rituals like one another. They say the daily prayers and fast like each other. They establish families and engage in transactions like one another. They have similar ways of bringing up their children and burying their dead. Apart from minor affairs, they share similarities in all the aforementioned cases. Muslims also share one kind of world view, one common culture, and one grand, glorious, and long-standing civilization. Unity in the world view, in culture, in the civilization, in insight and disposition, in religious beliefs, in acts of worship and prayers, in social rites and customs can well turn the Muslim into a unified nation to serve as a massive and dominant power before which the big global powers would have to bow down. This is especially true in view of the stress laid by Islam on this principle. According to the explicit wording of the Qur\'an, the Muslims are brothers, and special rights and duties link them together. So, why shouldn\'t the Muslims use all these extensive facilities accorded to them as the blessing of Islam? This group of \'Ulama\' are of the view that there is no need for the Muslims to make any compromise on the primary or secondary principles of their religion for the sake of Islamic unity. Also it is not necessary for the Muslims to avoid engaging in discussions and reasons and writing books on primary and secondary principles about which they have differences. The only consideration for Islamic unity in this case is that the Muslims- in order to avoid the emergence or accentuation of vengeance - preserve their possession, avoid insulting and accusing each other and uttering fabrications, abandon ridiculing the logic of one another, and finally abstain from hurting one another and going beyond the borders of logic and reasoning. In fact, they should, at least, observe the limits which Islam has set forth for inviting non-Muslims to embrace it: \"Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good exhortation, and have disputations with them in the best manner... \"(16: 125) Some people are of the view that those schools of fiqh, such as, Shafi\'i and Hanafi which have no differences in principle should establish brotherhood and stand in one line. They believe that denominations which have differences in the principles can in no way be brothers. This group view the religious principles as an interconnected set as termed by scholars of Usul, as an interrelated and interdependent set; any damage to one principle harms all principles. As a result, those who believe in this principle are of the view that when, for instance, the principle of \"imamah\" is damaged and victimized, unity and fraternity will bear no meaning and for this reason the Shi\'ah and the Sunnis cannot shake hands as two Muslim brothers and be in the same rank, no matter who their enemy is. The first group answers this group by saying: \"There is no reason for us to consider the principles as an interrelated set and follow the principle of \"all or none\". Imam \'Ali (\'a) chose a very logical and reasonable approach. He left no stone unturned to retrieve his right. He used everything within his power to restore the principle of \"imamah\", but he never adhered to the motto of \"all or none\". \'Ali (\'a) did not rise up for his right, and that was not compulsory. On the contrary, it was a calculated and chosen approach. He did not fear death. Why didn\'t he rise up? There could have been nothing above martyrdom. Being killed for the cause of the Almighty was his ultimate desire. He was more intimate with martyrdom than a child is with his mother\'s breast. But in his sound calculations, Imam \'All (\'a) had reached the conclusion that under the existing conditions it was to the interest of Islam to foster collaboration and cooperation among the Muslims and give up revolt. He repeatedly stressed this point. In one of his letters (No.62 \"Nahj al Balaghah\") to Malik al-Ashtar, he wrote the following: \"First I pulled back my hand until I realized that a group of people converted from Islam and invited the people toward annihilating the religion of Muhammad(s). So I feared that if I did not rush to help Islam and the Muslims, I would see gaps or destruction which calamity would be far worse than the several-day-long demise of caliphate.\" In the six-man council, after appointment of \'Uthman by \'Abdul-Rahman ibn \'Awf, \'Ali (\'a) set forth his objection as well as his readiness for collaboration as follows:\" You well know that I am more deserving than others for caliphate. But now by Allah, so long as the affairs of the Muslims are in order and my rivals suffice with setting me aside and only I am alone subjected to oppression, I will not oppose (the move) and will give in (to it).\" (From Sermon 72, \"Nahj al- Balaghah\"). These indicate that in this issue \'Ali (\'a) condemned the principle of \"all or none\". There is no need to further elaborate the approach taken by \'Ali (\'a) toward this issue. There are ample historical proofs and reasons in this regard. \'Allamah Amini Now it is time to see to which group the eminent \'Allamah, Ayatullah Amini - the distinguished compiler of the \"al-Ghadir\" - belonged and how he thought. Did he approve of the unity of the Muslims only within the light of Shi\'ism? Or did he consider Islamic fraternity to be broader? Did he believe that Islam which is embraced by uttering the \"shahadatayn\" (the Muslim creed) would willy-nilly create some rights for the Muslims and that the brotherhood and fraternity set forth in the Qur\'an exists among all Muslims? \'Allamah Amini personally considered this point - i.e. the need to elucidate his viewpoint on this subject and elaborate whether\"al-Ghadir\" has a positive or a negative role in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In order not to be subject to abuse by his opponent - be they among the pros and cons - he has repeatedly explained and elucidated his views. \'Allamah Amini supported Islamic unity and viewed an open mind and clear insight. On different occasions, he set forth this matter in various volumes of the \"al-Ghadir\'. Reference will be made to some of them below: In the preface to volume I, he briefly mentions the role of \"al-Ghadir\" in the world of Islam. He states: \"And we consider all this as service to religion, sublimation of the word of the truth, and restoration of the Islamic \'ummah\' (community).\" In volume 3 (page 77), after quoting the fabrications of Ibn Taymiyah, Alusi, and Qasimi to the effect that Shi \'ism is hostile to some of the Ahl al-Bayt (the Household of the Prophet) such as Zayd bin \'Ali bin al-Huseyn, he notes the following under the title of \"Criticism and Correction\": \"These fabrications and accusations sow the seeds of corruption, stir hostilities among the \'ummah\',create discord among the Islamic community, divide the \'ummah\', and clash with the public interests of the Muslims. Again in volume 3 (page 268), he quotes the accusation leveled on the Shi\'ahs by Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida to the effect that \"Shi\'ahs are pleased with any defeat incurred by Muslims, so much as they celebrated the victory of the Russians over the Muslims.\" Then he says: \"These falsehoods are fabricated by persons like Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida. The Shi\'ahs of Iran and Iraq against whom this accusation is leveled, as well as the orientalists, tourists, envoys of Islamic countries, and those who traveled and still travel to Iran and Iraq, have no information about this trend. Shi\'ahs, without exception, respect the lives, blood, reputation, and property of the Muslims be they Shi\'ahs or Sunnis. Whenever a calamity has befallen the Islamic community anywhere, in any region, and for any sects, the Shi\'ahs have shared their sorrow. The Shi\'ahs have never been confined to the Shi\'ah world, the (concept of) Islamic brotherhood which has been set forth in the Qur\'an and the \'sunnah\'(the Prophet\'s sayings and actions), and in this respect, no discrimination has been made between the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis.\" Also at the close of volume 3, he criticizes several books penned by the ancients such as \"Iqd al-Farid\" by Ibn Abd al-Rabbih, \"al-Intisar\" by Abu al-Husayn Khayyat al-Mu\'tazili,\"al Farq bayn al-Firaq\" by Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi, \"al-Fasl\" by Ibn Hazm al-Andulusi, \"al-Milal wa al-Nihal\" by Muhammad ibn Abdul-Karim al-Shahristani \"Minhaj al-Sunnah\" by Ibn Taymiah and \"al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah\"by Ibn Kathir and several by the later writers such as \"Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyyah\" by Shaykh Muhammad Khizri, \"Fajr al Islam\" by Ahmad Amin, \"al-Jawlat fi Rubu al-Sharq al-Adna\" by Muhammad Thabit al-Mesri, \"al-Sira Bayn al-Islam wa al-Wathaniyah\" by Qasimi, and \"al- Washi\'ah\" by Musa Jarallah. Then he states the following: \"By quoting and criticizing these books, we aim at warning and awakening the Islamic \'ummah\' (to the fact) that these books create the greatest danger for the Islamic community, they destabilize the Islamic unity and scatter the Muslim lines. In fact nothing can disrupt the ranks of the Muslims, destroy their unity, and tear their Islamic fraternity more severely than these books.\" \'Allamah Amini, in the preface to volume 5, under title of\"Nazariyah Karimah\" on the occasion of a plaque of honor forwarded from Egypt for \"al-Ghadir\", clearly sets forth his view on this issue and leaves no room for any doubt. He remarks: \"People are free to express views and ideas on religion. These (views and ideas) will never tear apart the bond of Islamic brotherhood to which the holy Qur\'an has referred by stating that \'surely the believers are brethren\'; even though academic discussion and theological and religious debates reach a peak. This has been the style of the predecessors, and of the \'sahaba\' and the\'tabi\'un\', at the head of them. \"Notwithstanding all the differences that we have in the primary and secondary principles, we, the compilers and writers in nooks and corners of the world of Islam, share a common point and that is belief in the Almighty and His Prophet. A single spirit and one (form of) sentiment exists in all our bodies, and that is the spirit of Islam and the term\'ikhlas,\" \"We, the Muslim compilers, all live under the banner of truth and carry out our duties under the guidance of the Qur\'an and the Prophetic Mission of the Holy Prophet (s). The message of all of us is \'Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam ... (3:18)\' and the slogan of all of us is \'There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger.\' Indeed, we are (the members of) the party of Allah and the supporters of his religion. In the preface to volume 8, under the title of \"al-Ghadir Yowahhad al-Sufuf fil-Mila al-Islami\", \'Allamah Amini directly makes researches into the role of \"Al- Ghadir\" in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In this discussion, this great scholar categorically rejects the accusations leveled by those who said: \'Al-Ghadir\' causes greater discord among the Muslims. He proves that, on the contrary, \"Al-Ghadir\"removes many misunderstandings and brings the Muslims closer to one another. Then he brings evidence by mentioning the confessions of the non-Shi\'i Islamic scholars. At the close, he quotes the letter of Shaykh Muhammad Saeed Dahduh written in this connection. To avoid prolongation of this article, we will not quote and translate the entire statements of \'Allamah Amini in explaining the positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" in (establishing) Islamic unity, since what has already been mentioned sufficiently proves this fact. The positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" is established by the facts that it firstly clarifies the proven logic of the Shi\'ahs and proves that the inclination of Muslims to Shi\'ism - notwithstanding the poisonous publicity of some people - is not due to political, ethnic, or other trends and considerations. It also verifies that a powerful logic based on the Qur\'an and the \"sunnah\" has given rise to this tendency. Secondly, it reflects that some accusations leveled on Shi\'ism - which have made other Muslims distanced from the Shi\'ah- are totally baseless and false. Examples of these accusations are the notion that the Shi\'ites prefer the non-Muslims to the non- Shi\'i Muslims, rejoice at the defeat of non-Shi\'ite Muslims at the hands of non-Muslims, and other accusations such as the idea that instead of going to hajj pilgrimage, the Shi\'ahs go on pilgrimage to shrines of the Imams, or have particular rites in prayers and in temporary marriage. Thirdly, it introduces to the world of Islam the eminent Commander of the faithful \'Ali (\'a) who is the most oppressed and the least praised grand Islamic personality and who could be the leader of all Muslims, as well as his pure offspring. Other Comments on \"al-Ghadir\" Many unbiased non-Shia Muslims interpret the \"al-Ghadir\" in the same way that has already been mentioned. Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Hasan al-Mesri, in his foreword on\"al-Ghadir\", which has been published in the preface to volume I, second edition, states: \"I call on the Almighty to make your limpid brook (in Arabic, \'Ghadir\' means brook) the cause of peace and cordiality between the Shia and Sunni brothers to cooperate with one another in building the Islamic \"ummah.\" \'Adil Ghadban, the managing editor of the Egyptian magazine entitled \"al-Kitab\", said the following in the preface to volume 3: \"This book clarifies the Shi\'ite logic. The Sunnis can correctly learn about the Shi\'i through this book. Correct recognition of the Shi\'ahs brings the views of the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis closer, and they can make a unified rank\". In his foreword to the \"al-Ghadir\" which was published in thepreface to volume 4, Dr. Muhammad Ghallab, professor of philosophy at the Faculty of Religious Studies al-Azhar University said: \"I got hold of your book at a very opportune time, because right now I am busy collecting and compiling a book on the lives of the Muslims from various perspectives. Therefore, I am highly avidfor obtaining sound information about \'Imamiyah\' Shi\'ism. Your book will help me. And I will not make mistakes about the Shi\'ahs as others have\". In this foreword published in the preface to volume 4 of the\"al-Ghadir\", Dr. \'Abdul-Rahman Kiali Halabi says the following after referring to the decline of the Muslims in the present age and the factors which can lead to the Muslims\' salvation, one of which is the sound recognition of the successor of the Holy Prophet (s): \"The book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" and its rich content deserves to be known by every Muslim to learn how historians have been negligent and see where the truth lies. Through this means, we should compensate for the past, and by striving to foster the unity of the Muslims, we should try to gain the due rewards\". These were the views of \'Allamah Amini about the important social issues of our age and such were his sound reflections in the world of Islam. Peace be upon him. Text Source: http://www.al-islam.org/mot/default.asp?url=ghadir-relevance.htm

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